基于层次分析法的桥梁承载力检算方法

摘要

By analyzing the existing methods for the bridge bearing capacity assessment, an analytic hierarchy process estimation model with a variable weight and fuzzy description is proposed based on the nondestructive information. Considering the actual strength, the bearing capacity is first calculated from its design state, and then modified based on the detection information. The modification includes the section reduction and the structure deterioration. The section reduction involves the concrete section and the steel cross-section reduction. The structure deterioration is decided by six factors, i.e., the concrete surface damage, the actual concrete strength, the steel corrosion electric potential, the chloride ion content, the carbonization depth, and the protective layer depth. The initial weight of each factor is calculated by the expert judgment matrix using an analytic hierarchy process. The consistency approximation and the error transfer theory are used. Then, the variable weight is introduced to expand the influences of factors in the worse state. Finally, an actual bridge is taken as an example to verify the proposed method. Results show that the estimated capacity agrees well with that of the load test, thus the method is objective and credible.%在分析桥梁承载力检算方法现状的基础上,引进了变权原理及模糊描述,提出了基于无损检测信息的层次分析法承载力估算模型.基于实测强度的桥梁理论分析了承载力,并结合检测信息进行修正.修正内容包括截面折减及构件恶化,其中截面折减考虑混凝土截面折减及钢筋截面折减;构件恶化考虑了混凝土表观缺损状况、混凝土实际强度、钢筋锈蚀电位、氯离子含量、碳化深度及保护层厚度这6个因素.各因素的权重采用层次分析法,由专家调查的判断矩阵计算,并引进变权公式对状况较差的因素加大权重.最后以实桥为例进行承载力检算,计算结果与试验吻合良好,表明所提方法客观、全面且结果可靠.