在小型汽油机上采用梯度功能材料的试验研究

摘要

Experiments were made to investigate influences of Ceramic-MetalFGM (Functionally Gradient Material) on performances of small gasoline engine.FGM was formed on some of the main components of motorcycle engines by PCVD (Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition) of BN and Si3N4．To investigate its influences,comparison tests on engine performances and durability were carried out on engine test bench.The results of comparison tests under full throttle opening showed that the power output,fuel consumption and durability were improved considerably on a four-stroke engine.Further analysis showed that the improvement comes from the reduction of friction loss and leakage loss.Key Words：Functionally gradient material； Small gasoline engine； Performances; Exhaust emissions%通过试验研究，探讨了陶瓷-金属梯度功能材料对小型汽油机性能的影响。采用等离子化学气相沉积技术在摩托车发动机主要零件上渗镀氮化硼和氮化硅，从而形成了陶瓷-金属梯度功能材料。在试验台架上对镀膜处理前后的发动机进行了性能对比试验及耐久性能试验。外特性对比试验结果表明，四冲程发动机的动力性、燃油消耗率和耐久性能均得到了明显改善。分析结果表明，采用陶瓷-金属梯度功能材料可显著改善发动机的耐磨性、润滑性和密封性，从而明显降低发动机的摩擦损失、漏气损失和漏气量。