园地植被覆盖度的无人机遥感监测研究

摘要

设计构建了基于无人直升机平台的遥感系统,以北京地区园地的板栗为研究对象,对其主要生育期进行监测.基于植被、土壤自身光谱特征差异,提出了一种无人机遥感影像植被覆盖度快速计算方法,利用多时相无人机遥感影像实现了板栗植被覆盖度年变化监测.采用计算机模拟的方式构建模拟场景,对板栗植被覆盖度统计尺度特征进行分析,进一步验证了无人机遥感影像植被覆盖度计算结果的有效性.%A remote sensing system based on the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) was designed and established.The garden plot in Beijing was selected as a research object and the major growing period of Chinese chestnut was monitored.Based on this system,the experiment monitoring for the major growing period of Chinese chestnut was achieved and a large number of high resolution images was obtained.The preprocessing including selecting,band separation and calibration and so on was made and finally three main band (red,green,near infrared) reflectance data of Chinese chestnut in the major growing period was generated.According to the analysis of difference for spectral signature between vegetation and soil in the band range of 400 ～ 1 200 nm,the ratio of total number of vegetation pixels was counted for the imaging range,that was fractional vegetation cover (FVC).The fractional vegetation cover of unmanned aerial vehicles images could be computed rapidly.The annual variation of fractional vegetation coverfor Chinese chestnut was monitored using multi-temporal unmanned aerial vehicles remote sensing images.The simulation scenes were formed by computer simulation method and the characteristic of statisticsscalefor Chinese chestnut fraction vegetation cover was analysed.The availability and effectiveness of the fractional vegetation cover computed from remote sensing images of unmanned aerial vehicles were validated.