Super absorbent polymer (SAP) is a new type of multifunctional material in drought resistant and pollution control. SAP can quickly absorb water and fertilizer for increasing soil crumb structure and porosity, restraining soil evaporation, promoting crop physiological function and reducing fertilizer loss, so as to result in significant improvement of water and fertilizer use efficiency and marked reduction in fertilizer pollution. In recent years, SAP has been widely used in agricultural nonpoint source pollution control as a chemical product of absorbing and storing water and fertilizer. The paper expounds its acting mechanism and efficiency in controlling pollution, introduces the researches on its main antifouling function, and emphatically summarizes the researches of SAP application in agricultural production and the development of agricultural antifouling absorbent agent. In the end, the problems existing in the field are discussed and the future research fields are proposed.%高吸水树脂(保水剂)是一种新型多功能抗旱、防污材料,能够快速吸持水肥,增加土壤团粒结构和孔隙度,抑制土面蒸发,提升作物生理机能,减少养分淋失,从而达到提高水肥利用效率和减少肥料污染的作用.近年来,保水剂在农业面源污染防治方面得到了越来越广泛的应用.该文阐述了保水剂的防污作用机理及效能,介绍了保水剂主要防污作用方面的研究,重点对保水剂在农业生产上的防污应用及农用防污型保水剂的研制进行了综述,最后分析了保水剂在农业防污应用和研究过程中存在的问题,提出了保水剂未来进行防污应用的研究方向.
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