基于农用地分等的耕地资源安全评价及整治分区

摘要

In order to quickly and accurately grasp the spatial distribution and effectively promote the security protection of small-scale cultivated land resources,the paper took Changli County,Hebei Province as the research object,used documentary research method to perfect the connotation of cultivated land resource security and constructed evaluation framework suitable for cultivated land resources at county level.Taking the agricultural land classification results in Changli county in 2015 as the data base,and combined with the data of land use survey,agricultural geological survey,and soil sampling and detection information in the same period,the database of cultivated land security was buiand the single index evaluation method was used to evaluate the elements which affected the safety of cultivated land resources.The evaluation results showed that there were nearly 15％ of the cultivated land in low yield level,nearly 10％ of the cultivated land in bad condition of irrigation,nearly 15％ of the cultivated land below the critical safety level of soil profile pattern,and nearly 10％ of the cultivated land in low level of available phosphorus.In addition,soil organic content in the whole county was under the safety grade,and the content of copper in the regions with very small area was at low-level insecurity.Fertilizer use quantity in most regions was at low-level insecurity.Aiming at the unsafe danger of cultivated land resources in Changli County and with the uniformity principle in engineering technology and monitoring management measures,the paper overlapped the evaluation results which showed insecurity problems,lined out comprehensive engineering renovation zone,fertility promotion zone and abandoned farmland zone,and put forward the corresponding regulation and monitoring management system.The research showed that using the result of farmland classification can build database of cultivated land security quickly,also can promote the normalization of the monitoring work of cultivated land resources safety and implement safety diagnosis and evaluation regularly.All of these can efficiently implement full elements supervision and protection of cultivated land resources.%为快速准确的掌握耕地资源安全要素的时空变化信息,推进小尺度耕地资源安全保护实践,文章以昌黎县为研究区域,运用文献研究法对耕地资源安全内涵的构成进行了完善,并构建了县域耕地资源安全评价框架体系.研究以昌黎县2015年农用地分等成果作为数据基础,结合同期土地利用调查、农业地质调查、土壤实地采样检测等数据信息完成数据库建设;运用单指标评价法,对耕地资源安全要素逐一进行评价.评价结果显示:全县有接近15％的耕地粮食单产水平较低,接近10％的耕地灌溉保证不足,接近15％的耕地土体剖面构型处于安全等级以下,接近10％的耕地有效磷的含量偏低;另外,全县耕地有机质含量偏低;铜元素含量出现极小面积的低度不安全;化肥的使用量在全县处于低度不安全级别.文章按照整治技术手段和监测管理措施一致性原则将不安全评价结果图进行分组并叠加,划出综合工程整治区、肥力提升区、退耕区,并对应提出整治及监测管理制度.研究表明:利用农用地质量分等成果能够快速完成耕地资源安全数据建库,并能促进耕地资源安全监测和诊断的常规化,可以高效地推行耕地资源的全要素管控.