放电性故障点定位用到达时间差估算方法在多径传播环境中的适用性

摘要

For obtaining a better electromagnetic (EM) environment around the transmission or distribution line, it is necessary to detect and locate source of radiated EM interference as soon as possible. When locating source from electric power equipment, because of the possible existence of multipath wave on the propagation path, the signals received by antennas become complicated and the location accuracy may deteriorate. In this study, the TDOA (time difference of arrival) methods for source localization are widely investigated, and the applicable methods to radiated EM interfering waves are summarized. Secondly, the applicability and the estimation accuracy of the applicable methods in a multipath environment are discussed by the numerical simulations.%输配电设备绝缘材料的劣化会导致火花放电的产生。较强放电所激发的电磁波会对线路周边的通信设备及电磁环境造成影响。为避免对通信设备造成电磁干扰，需及时准确地探查此类放电性故障点的位置。在基于超高频定位方法中，由于电力设备金属表面会引起电磁波反射，致使到达定位用天线阵列的电磁波信号经历多径传播。天线所采集到的电磁波波形中包含了大量干扰成分，导致定位准确度较差，无法满足定位需求。深入研究各种到达时间差的估算方法及基于到达时间差估算结果的定位算法，并通过数值仿真研究其在多径传播环境中的适用性及定位准确度。