基于雪崩三极管的高重频高压纳秒脉冲产生方法综述

摘要

激发大气压脉冲等离子体通常对施加脉冲的要求是kV级幅值、ns级前沿和宽度、kHz级重复频率,尤其要求脉冲前沿和宽度尽量小,雪崩三极管脉冲产生电路非常适合于这样的要求.本文综述了基于雪崩三极管的脉冲产生方法.首先介绍了雪崩三极管的基本原理和研究概况,进而介绍了多管串联电路、多级Marx电路、多管并联电路以及脉冲截断电路四种典型电路结构的研究现状,分析了各电路的性能特点,并以多级Marx电路为例理论分析了影响输出脉冲幅值、前沿、后沿、脉宽、重复频率、效率和稳定性等参数的关键因素.最后介绍了多管串联Marx电路、多管并联Marx电路以及多路Marx并联电路三种组合型脉冲产生电路的研究进展,并对基本原理进行了分析.%In order to stimulate atmospheric pressure plasma (APP),it is usually demanded that the applied pulses is with kV amplitude,ns rising time and pulse width,and kHz repetitive frequency.Intensively,the pulse front edge and width are always required to be as short as possible.Fortunately,the pulse generating circuit based on avalanche transistor is much suitable for these parameter requirements.This paper summarized the pulse generating methods using avalanche transistors.Firstly,the basic principle and research status of the avalanche transistor were introduced.And then the research status and performance characteristics of the four typical avalanche transistor-based circuits were detailed,including the series-transistor circuit,Marx circuit,parallel-transistor circuit and pulse cut-off circuit.Thereafter,the key factors influencing output pulse parameters were theoretically analyzed,such as pulse amplitude,rising time,fall time,pulse width,repetitive frequency,efficiency and stability.At last,the research status and basic theory of three combined avalanche transistor-based circuits were presented,including the series-transistor Marx circuit,parallel-transistor Marx circuit and parallel Marx circuit.