煤化工废水'近零排放'技术难点解析

摘要

Near zero discharge for coal gasification wastewater (CGW) was a major technical research for the treatment and recycling, which was aiming at solving the difficulties of wastewater.In this paper, the technological difficulties of pretreatment, biological treatment, advanced treatment and high salt water treatment were analysis by engineering examples on the basics of the current situation of CGW treatment.The main common problems were proposed: the notable fluctuation of phenol-ammonia recovery, poor effect of air-flotation, instability of biochemical treatment system, large production of crystal salt, and lack of recycling approaches.Moreover, environmental access advice was analyzed according to regional characteristics and environmental access standards in China.Thus, this was valuable for CGW treatment and future development.%煤化工废水"近零排放"技术是以解决我国煤化工水资源及废水处理难题为目标,形成的煤化工废水处理及资源化利用重大技术研究.以煤化工废水处理技术现状为切入点,结合工程实例,分别从预处理、生化处理、深度处理及高盐水处理等几个方面对煤化工废水"近零排放"技术难点进行了分析.提出当前面临的主要共性问题:酚氨回收运行波动显著、气浮效果差、生化系统处理效果不稳定、结晶盐产生量大、缺乏资源化途径.根据我国《现代煤化工建设项目环境准入条件(试行)》要求,结合煤化工废水"近零排放"技术存在的问题,分析了不同地域环境情况可行的环境准入策略,为我国煤化工废水处理问题的解决和未来发展方向提供参考.