一种改善仔猪肠道发育饲料添加剂的应用效果分析

摘要

Focusing on diarrhea and retarded growth resulted from weaning piglets stress, this paper aimed to discuss the possible effect of complex additives, consisting of SCFA, humic acid sodium, glutamine and Chinese herbal medicine additive composed of hawthorn, astragalus mongholicus, honeysuckle and licorice, on piglets intestinal morphological development, mucosal immune and growth performance. Three hundred and sixty 20 days old DLY piglets were divided into 4 groups-control group and three experiment groups. The control group was fed by commercially available piglet feed and experiment groups 1, 2, 3 were fed 1.5% and 3.0% complex additives and 3.0% complex additives without Chinese herbal medicine additive respectively. The result showed that ADG, survival rate, number of intestinal epithelial lymphoid cells, and intestinal villus height, crypt depth of piglets fed 1.5% and 3.0% complex additives were increased by 8.16%~11.95%, 11.48%~14.91%, 10.94%~28.45%, 5.93%~9.88%, 6.59%~12.31%(P<0.05) respectively, diarrhea rate was decreased by 55.36%~72.32%, compared with the control group. Compared with the group fed 3.0% complex additives without Chinese herbal medicine additive, ADG, survival rate, number of intestinal epithelial lymphoid cells, and intestinal villus height,crypt depth of piglets fed 1.5% and 3.0% complex additives were increased by 5.40%~9.09%, 8.53%~11.87%, 4.41%~18.25%, 4.60%~8.28%, 7.71%~12.32% (P<0.05) respectively, diarrhea rate was decreased by 38.27%~61.73%. In addition, the increased range of growth performance, intestinal mucosal epithelial lymphocyte num-ber, intestinal villus height and crypt depth of piglets fed by 3.0% complex additives was more than the piglets fed by 1.5%, but the difference was not significant. Experiment group without Chinese traditional medicine at-tained better performance on daily gain, survival rate, number of intestinal epithelial lymphoid cells, intestinal villus height, crypt depth and diarrhea than control group, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). There-fore, the compatibility of SCFA, humic acid sodium, glutamine and Chinese traditional medicine could not only make full use of their advantages but also have a synergistic effect, improving piglets' intestinal morphology de-velopment, mucosal immune and growth performance.%为探讨由短链脂肪酸、腐植酸钠、谷氨酰胺、中草药添加剂（山楂、黄芪、金银花、甘草）组成的复合添加剂对仔猪肠道形态发育、黏膜免疫和生长性能的影响，选择胎次和出生日期相近的20日龄杜长大仔猪360头，随机分为4组，对照组饲喂市售仔猪饲粮，试验组分别饲喂含1.5%、3.0%复合添加剂和3.0%不含中草药（山楂、黄芪、金银花、甘草）的复合添加剂的饲粮。结果表明，饲粮添加1.5%~3.0%复合添加剂可使仔猪日增重、成活率、肠黏膜上皮淋巴细胞数量、肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度分别比对照组显著增加8.16%~11.95%、11.48%~14.91%、10.94%~28.45%、5.93%~9.88%、6.59%~12.31%，腹泻率极显著降低55.36%~72.32%，比添加3.0%不含中草药的复合添加剂组显著增加5.40%~9.09%、8.53%~11.87%、4.41%~18.25%、4.60%~8.28%、7.71%~12.32%，腹泻率极显著降低38.27%~61.73%。而且饲粮中添加3.0%复合添加剂时仔猪生长性能、肠黏膜上皮淋巴细胞数量、肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度的增加幅度高于添加1.5%复合添加剂组，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。饲喂添加3.0%不含中草药的复合添加剂试验组仔猪日增重、成活率、腹泻率、肠黏膜上皮淋巴细胞数量、肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度与对照组相比虽有改善，但差异不显著（P>0.05）。由此可见，短链脂肪酸、腐植酸钠、谷氨酰胺与中草药添加剂进行配伍，不仅能充分发挥各自的优势，而且具有协同作用，对仔猪生长性能、肠黏膜免疫水平和肠道形态发育均有显著改善作用。