福建龙岩城区园林树木木材密度和生材含水率研究

摘要

对福建龙岩城区栽植的30种园林树木测定木材基本密度、生材密度和生材含水率。结果表明，针叶树木材基本密度以柏木Cupressus funebris最高(0.636 g·cm-3)，南洋杉Araucaria cunninghamii最低(0.462 g·cm-3)；阔叶树以相思树Acacia confusa最高(0.757 g·cm-3)，美丽异木棉Ceiba speciosa最低(0.228 g·cm-3)。生材密度针叶树竹柏Podocarpus nagi最高(0.975 g·cm-3)，南洋杉最低(0.838 g·cm-3)；阔叶树相思树最高(1.204 g·cm-3)，石栗Aleurites moluccana最低(0.799 g·cm-3)。生材含水率针叶树竹柏最高(105%)，柏木最低(30%)；阔叶树以美丽异木棉最高(319%)，光皮梾木Swida wilsoniana和木麻黄Casuarina equisetifolia最低，均为56%。南北两向的基本密度、生材密度和生材含水率差异不大。在距树皮8 cm范围内，基本密度和生材密度的径向变化模式可归纳为五种类型：(1)密度从髓心向树皮方向递增；(2)密度从髓心向树皮方向递减；(3)距树皮8 cm范围内密度变化不明显；(4)距树皮3～5 cm范围内密度较低；(5)距树皮3～5 cm范围内密度较高。生材含水率径向变化趋势仅限于上述前四种类型。%The wood basic density, green density and moisture content of 30 species landscape trees planted in Longyan urban area had been determined. The results showed that the highest of basic density of softwood was Cupressus funebris(0.636 g·cm-3), the lowest wasAraucaria cunninghamii (0.462 g·cm-3). In hardwood, the highest of basic density wasAcacia confusa (0.757 g·cm-3), the lowest wasCeiba speciosa (0.228 g·cm-3). The highest of green density of softwood wasPodocarpus nagi(0.975 g·cm-3), the lowest wasAraucaria cunninghamii (0.838 g·cm-3). In hardwood, the highest of green density wasAcacia confusa(1.204g·cm-3), the lowest isAleurites moluccana (0.799 g·cm-3). The highest of moisture content of green wood in softwood wasP. nagi 105%, the lowest was Cupressus funebris (30%). In hardwood, the highest of moisture content of green wood wasCeiba speciosa (319%), the lowest wasCornus wilsonianaandCasuarina equisetifolia (both 56%). Between the south and north direction, the basic density, green density and moisture content of wood were not significantly different. Within the scope of 8 cm from the bark, the radial variation patterns of basic density and green density can be classified into five types: (1)Density increased from pith to bark; (2)Density decreased from pith to bark; (3)Density was not changed obviously from the bark of 8 cm scope; (4)Density was lower from the bark 3 to 5 cm; (5)Density was higher from the bark 3 to 5 cm. The radial variation patterns of the moisture content of green wood were the former four types as mentioned above.