1953-2013年福州市降水量变化的小波分析

摘要

运用小波分析法分析1953-2013年福州市年降水变化特征和季节降水变化特征.结果表明:(1)福州市年平均降水量约为1 366.69 mm,最小值(775.3 mm)发生在1967年,最大值(2 074 mm)发生在1990年.(2)降水量变化过程大致为:升-降-升-降-升-降-升,并包含多个不同尺度的时间周期.(3)除了春季外,各季节降水量在61 a间都呈现增长趋势.(4)近61年中降水量较多的年份如1990和1997年都对应厄尔尼诺年份;降水较少的年份如1954、1967、1995年都对应拉尼娜年份.厄尔尼诺-南方涛动(ENSO)事件与Mann-Kendall突变检验的结果较一致.福州市降水量年际变化与ENSO事件有一定关联.%The annual and seasonal precipitation variation characteristics during 1953 to 2013 in Fuzhou were analyzed by Wavelet Analysis.The results show that: (1) The average annual precipitation in Fuzhou is about 1 366.69 mm.The minimum annual precipitation of 775.3 mm occurred in 1967 and the maximum annual precipitation of 2 074 mm occurred in 1990.(2) Variation in precipitation followed a general pattern of rise-fall-rise-fall-rise-fall-rise that occurred during several time periods.(3) Except for the spring season, the precipitation showed an increasing trend in 61 years.(4) Relatively higher annual precipitation occurred in El Nino years, such as in 1990 and 1997;lower annual precipitation occurred in La Nina Years, such as in 1954, 1967, and 1995.El Nino-southern oscillation (ENSO) events were consistent with Mann-Kendall mutation test.The inter-annual variability of precipitation in Fuzhou was related to ENSO events.