大众传播中的科学危机研究--以“黄金大米”事件的媒体报道为实例的探析

摘要

转基因食品安全的敏感性和重要性是全球科技新闻关注的议题，在仍然存在粮食危机的中国更是如此。2012年，中美合作的“黄金大米”事件受到了国内外的广泛关注，成为持续时间内媒体报道的焦点。本文遴选国内报纸媒体和科学家网络博客对此事件的报道和评论文章进行比较研究。首先，分析结果显示“黄金大米”事件受到指责的主要原因是没有得到合理合法的知情同意以及违反了相关的法律法规。其次，从研究者参与黄金大米试验的研究动机入手追寻事件发生的原因和参与情况。最后，分析了黄金大米试验中科学和科学家的特性。这些结果折射了在科学试验过程中科学伦理和道德守则的重要性。在科学危机发生的过程中有效的科学传播可以化解危机给社会造成的危害。%For years, the importance and the sensitivity of the GM food safety issue have tightened every nerve in the world,especially in China,which is still facing major food safety problems. In 2012,a nutrition experiment exploring the potential of genetically modified Golden Rice was massively criticized in a Greenpeace blog post and subsequently attracted worldwide attention. It became the topic of sensationalized media coverage for a sustained period of time in China. It points to the critical importance of the public in enforcing scientific ethics and morality in doing a scientific research. It concludes that public communication plays a major role in the governance of science.