采用工作记忆操纵实验法和沉思量表调查相结合的方式, 考查21名非临床抑郁个体对负性信息工作记忆的操纵能力及其对沉思的影响. 结果表明: 与对照组相比, 抑郁个体在反向排序条件下对负性图片的反应时更长, 对负性图片工作记忆显示更高的操纵成本; 负性图片工作记忆的操纵成本在预测抑郁沉思时具有显著的作用. 抑郁个体对负性信息工作记忆操纵能力不足, 并且这种不足和沉思有关.%The study aimed to examine whether depressed individuals show deficits of valence-dependent manipulation in working memory (WM) and its correlation with rumination. WM manipulation task was used to assess participants'ability to either reverse or maintain in WM the order of three emotion or neutral pictures from the international affective picture system. Beck depression inventory ( BDI) and Rumination Response scale were used in 21 non-clinical depression individuals and 21 normal controls. Differences (or sorting costs) between response latencies in backward trials and forward trials were calculated. The result showed that ( 1) depressed individuals had longer response times to emotional material compared to control groups in backward trials, especially for negative pictures. (2) Compared with control participants, depressed individuals showed higher sorting costs for negative pictures. (3) It is important to note that sorting costs for negative pictures significantly predicted rumination even after controlling for BDI scores. These results suggest that the depression individuals show deficit of manipulation ability for negative material in WM and rumination is associated with deficits in inhibitory control.
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