目的 通过锥体束CT( cone-beam computerized tomography,CBCT)资料分析颜面不对称患者颌骨的三维形态特征以及其颜面部不对称的发生部位.方法 对20例标准组及41例错(牙合)畸形患者分别使用CBCT采集颅面部数据,使用Dolphinl 1.0软件对骨组织进行三维重建,选择上下颌骨的部分标记点进行不对称系数的测量.结果 上颌骨不对称发生率为20.0％,下颌支不对称发生率为50.0％,下颌体不对称发生率为30.0％.安氏Ⅲ类组上颌骨不对称发生率为38.1％,下颌支不对称发生率为47.6％,下颌体不对称发生率为61.9％.安氏Ⅱ类组不对称发生率为20.0％,下颌支不对称发生率为50.0％,下颌体不对称发生率为35.0％.安氏Ⅲ类组中2例(9.5％)患者仅发生上颌不对称.结论 颜面不对称主要表现为下颌骨形态异常,上颌骨不对称通常伴随着下颌骨的不对称,安氏Ⅲ类患者颜面部不对称的发生率较对照组高.%Objective To analyze the three-dimensional morphological features of the jaws of patients with facial asymmetry and the locations based on CBCT evaluation. Methods CBCT images of 61 patients were taken,including 20 subjects as the control group, and 41 patients with maloclusion. The Dolphin 11.0 software was used for the 3D reconstruction of bony tissues. Asymmetry coefficients were calculated for some landmarks in the maxilla, mandibular body and the mandibular ranius regions. Results Proportions of subjects with maxillary region asymmetry increased in class 111 maloclusion group(38. 1% ) ,but not in class E maloclusion group(20. 0% ) .compared with that in the control group(20. 0% ). Subjects (61 ,9% ) showing asymmetry in the mandibular body regions in class ID maloclusion group were more than those in the control group (30.0% )and in class II maloclusion group (35.0% ). About 50% subjects showed asymmetry in the mandibular ramus regions. For 2 subjects,asymmetry was shown solely in the maxillary region. Conclusions Facial asymmetry is mainly characterized by the morphological abnormality of the maxilla. The asymmetry of the mandible is often accompanied with the asymmetry of the maxilla. The rate of facial asymmetry in class M maloclusion group is higher than that in the control group.
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