非综合征型唇腭裂发病危险因素的病例对照研究

摘要

目的：了解现阶段本地区非综合征型唇腭裂的流行病学特点，探究其发病相关的危险因素，为早期预防提供依据。方法采用病例－对照研究设计，选择来自江苏、安徽及其周边地区的非综合征型唇腭裂患者以及健康对照，利用调查问卷的形式对非综合征型唇腭裂发病相关的一些危险因素进行调查研究（包括唇腭裂家族遗传史、父母的文化程度、生育年龄、妊娠反应、胎次、孕期用药、感染、孕期主动吸烟、孕期被动吸烟、孕期饮酒情况、营养状况等共计14项），分别利用卡方检验和Logistic回归作单因素和多因素分析。结果最终共有352例非综合征型唇腭裂患者以及602例健康对照纳入本研究。单因素分析发现与非综合征型唇腭裂发生相关的危险因素有：妊娠反应、孕期被动吸烟、父亲文化程度以及唇腭裂家族遗传史。而多因素分析模型进一步发现孕期维生素摄入、母亲文化程度也可以影响非综合征型唇腭裂的发病风险。结论妊娠反应、孕期被动吸烟、父母亲文化程度、维生素摄入以及唇腭裂家族遗传史是本地区非综合征型唇腭裂的发病相关因素。%Objective To explore the domestic epidemiology characteristics and risk factors of non-syndromic cleft lip with or with-out palate,so as to provide basis for for its early prevention.Methods A case-control study recruiting non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate patients and healthy controls from Jiangsu,Anhui and its surrounding areas was designed.A questionnaire ( a total of 14 factors,including family history,parental educational level,child-bearing age,pregnancy reaction,parity,drug use during pregnancy,in-fections,active and passive smoking during pregnancy,alcohol consumption during pregnancy,nutritional status,etc) was investigated and further analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.Results 352 non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate ca-ses as well as 602 healthy controls were recruited in the final study.Univariate analysis showed pregnant reaction,passive smoking dur-ing pregnancy,educational level of the father and family history were associated with non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate. These factors together with educational level of mother and vitamin intake were also significant in multivariate analysis.Conclusions Pregnancy reaction,passive smoking during pregnancy,parental educational level,vitamin intake and family history may be related fac-tors of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate in Jiangsu,Anhui and its surrounding areas.