正畸治疗前后龈沟及口腔中细菌的变化情况分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the changes of bacterial flora in gingival sulcus and oral cavity before and after orthodontic treatment.Methods 130 orthodontic patients who were treated from July 2013 to September 2014 in the people''s Hospital of Bozhou were selected as orthodontic group and 60 healthy individuals were selected as control group.The gingival sulcus fluids of orthodontic group and control group before and in 1 month, 3 months after operation were collected, and they were used for bacterial culture.The differences of plaque index, gingival sulcus bleeding index and probing depth between two groups were compared.Results The plaque index, gingival sulcus bleeding index and probing depth of orthodontic group in 1 month and 3 months after operation were significantly higher than those of preoperative and control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Compared with the preoperative, the proportion of cocci, bacilli and campylobacteria of orthodontic group in 1 month and 3 months after operation significantly reduced, the proportion of fusiforms, spiral bacteria, hyphomycete significantly increased, and the detection ratios of porphyromonas gingivalis, nucleic acid bacillus, bacteroides forsythus and actinobacillus significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Oral bacteria reproduction after orthodontic treatment increases,so we should pay attention to keeping oral health and avoiding inducing inflammation.%目的 探讨口腔正畸治疗前、后牙龈沟及口腔中细菌菌群的变化.方法 选择2013年7月至2014年9月博州人民医院收治的口腔正畸患者130例(正畸组)及健康人群60例(对照组)为研究对象,收集正畸组术前及术后1个月、术后3个月和对照组的牙龈沟液体进行细菌培养,比较两组菌斑指数、牙龈沟出血指数、探诊深度的差异.结果 正畸组术后1个月、术后3个月的菌斑指数、牙龈沟出血指数、探诊深度显著高于术前及对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).与术前比较,正畸组术后1个月、术后3个月的球菌、杆菌、弯曲菌比例显著降低,梭状菌、螺旋菌、丝状菌比例显著增高,牙龈卟啉单胞菌、核酸杆菌、福塞氏类杆菌、放线杆菌检出率显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 正畸治疗后口腔细菌繁殖增加,应注意维护口腔卫生,避免诱发炎症.