低相对分子质量HPMA在热法海水淡化过程中的阻垢性能评价

摘要

The antiscaling property of synthesized hydrolyzed poly-maleic anhydride (HPMA) was evaluated through the national standard method and copper precipitation method.It was confirmed that the molecular weight of the synthesized HPMA is 625 by gel permeation chromatograph (GPC).The national standard method experiments showed that HPMA fits the classic definition of being threshold scale inhibiting compound.In the copper precipitation experiments, the synthesized HPMA could make the characteristic of the scale modified, so that the growth and attachment of the scale modified on the surface of the heat-exchange coppers becomes harder.SEM and XRD results showed that the original characteristic of the scale is changed into irregular-shaped soft-fouling properties of flocculation with the vaterite being formed, so that the scale is not easy to deposit or attach on the surface of equipments.The application prospect of HPMA in thermal desalination process is foreseeable.%以国标法和铜管沉积法研究了合成低相对分子质量水解聚马来酸酐(HPMA)的阻垢性能.以凝胶渗透色谱证实了产物的相对分子质量为625,以扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)技术对垢样微观形貌和晶相组成进行了分析.实验表明:HPMA在小剂量使用时钙溶限效应较好.浓缩海水条件下的铜管沉积实验表明:合成的HPMA在具有良好的钙溶限效应的同时,还能改变垢样的性状,使垢样不易在换热管表面生长附着.SEM和XRD结果进一步证实了合成的HPMA能够影响碳酸钙的结晶过程,形成亚稳态的球霰石晶型,使垢样软化、在水中呈絮凝状,不易在设备表面沉积粘附.