有机蒙脱土协同卤锑阻燃剂阻燃HDPE研究

摘要

针对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)的易燃性,以高密度聚乙烯与有机蒙脱土(OMMT)、卤锑阻燃剂(DBDPE/Sb2 O3)熔融共混制成HDPE/有机蒙脱土阻燃复合材料,研究了有机蒙脱土(OMMT)与卤锑阻燃剂在复合材料中的阻燃协效性,并对复合材料进行了极限氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧等级(UL-94)、力学性能和热稳定性测试.结果表明:有机蒙脱土与卤锑阻燃剂对HDPE具有良好的阻燃协效作用.HDPE/OMMT阻燃复合材料的LOI由纯HDPE的19.6％提高至27.8％,垂直燃烧等级则由“完全燃烧”逐渐提高至V-0级,且燃烧时不产生熔滴,具有良好的成炭效应；其拉伸强度由13.24 MPa提高至24.53 MPa,力学性能表现良好；其失重率由纯HDPE的96.17％降至90.37％,热稳定性得到提高.HDPE/OMM4阻燃复合材料也有类似情况,且其各项性能指标表现更好.%Seeing that the high density polyethylene (HDPE) is inflammable, flame retardant composites of high density polyethylene and organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) were prepared by means of direct melt-blending technique for HDPE, OMMT and halogen-antimony flame retardant (HAFR)-DBDPE/Sb2O3. The flame-retardant synergism of OMMT with HAFR in HDPE/OMMT composites was studied by means of limiting oxygen index (LOI) , vertical burning grade (UL-94), the mechanical property and the thermal stability tests. The results showed that the synergistic flame retardant effect of OMMT and HAFR was satisfactory. The LOI of flame-retardant HDPE/OMM1 composite material increased from 19. 6% of pure HDPE to 27. 8%, the vertical flammability level gradually raised from "complete combustion" to level V-0, and combustion droplet was not produced with a good char formation effect. Tensile strength increased from 13. 24 Mpa to 24. 53 Mpa, which testified that the material had good mechanical properties. Weight loss rate decreased from 96. 17% of pure HDPE to 90. 37% , which indicated that the thermal stability was improved compared with pure HDPE. Flame-retardant HDPE/0MM4 composite materials also have a similar situation, and its performances are better.