油酸酰胺丙基羟基磺基甜菜碱的合成及性能研究

摘要

Oleic amide hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine was prepared with oleic acid,N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine and sodium bisulfite as starting materials.Two main steps of condensation reaction and quaterisation were carried out in this progress.Effects of reaction temperature,reaction time and molar ratio of reactants on the amidation were investigated.Results showed that the condensation reaction was carried out for 7 h at the temperature of 170 ℃,with n(N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propyldiamine) ∶ n(oleic acid)=1.04 ∶ 1,and the conversion of oleic acid achieves 93.1％.The quaterisation was carried out for 8h at 85℃ under the protect of nitrogen,with the mixed solvents [V(Dimethylcarbinol) ∶ V(H2O)=1 ∶ 2] and n(N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) oleoylamide) ∶ n(sodium bisulfite)=0.8 ∶ 1,and the conversion achieves 88.87％.Structures of the targeted product was characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR.The CMC of oleic amide hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine is 1.04× 10-4 mol/L,and the corresponding γcmc is 25.4 mN/m.In addition,it also showed remarkable properties of solubilization and emulsification.%以油酸和N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺为原料经缩合反应生成油酸酰胺丙基二甲基胺,再与亚硫酸氢钠和环氧氯丙烷反应生成的3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠进行季铵化反应,合成产品油酸酰胺丙基羟基磺基甜菜碱(OSB),并对相关工艺进行了优化.实验结果表明,在反应温度170℃,n(N,N-二 甲基-1,3丙二胺)∶n(油酸)=1.04∶1,反应时间为9h,此条件下油酸转化率为93.10％;季铵化反应在混合溶剂[V(异丙醇)∶V(水)=1∶2],n(油酸酰胺丙基二甲基胺)∶n(3-氯-2-羟基丙磺酸钠)=0.8∶1,反应温度为85℃以及氮气保护下搅拌回流反应8h,叔胺的转化率88.87％,其结构经1 H NMR和FTIR确证.同时,测得产物溶液的CMC值为1.04×10-4 mol/L,γcmc=25.4 mN/m,具有良好的增溶效果和乳化性能.