“嫦娥三号”任务的圆满完成标志着我国已经突破了软着陆、巡视勘察、月夜生存等一系列深空探测关键技术。由于任务目标以及月面环境的复杂性，对巡视器的地面试验验证工作提出了很高的要求。在研制过程中，不但开展了常规航天器必做的试验项目，还开展了大量的专项试验，充分的地面试验对确保任务的成功发挥了重要作用。文章对“嫦娥三号”巡视器的地面验证需求、验证试验要求、验证试验实施情况进行了分析和总结，主要包括低重力模拟、月表地形地貌模拟、工程模拟月壤的制备与整备、光照环境模拟、月尘模拟等方面，对深空探测器试验方法与技术的发展方向提出了建议。%The success of Chang’e-3 mission implies that a breakthrough in key technologies has been made with respect to the deep-space spacecraft, such as the soft landing, the rover exploration, and the surviving during the lunar night. The high demands for validation of field tests for the lunar rover are put forward in view of the mission goals of the lunar rover and the lunar complicated environment. During the R&D stage, many special tests for the mission goals and the lunar environment are carried out besides the traditional spacecraft tests. As a result, these tests have guaranteed the success of the mission. The requirements for field tests of the lunar rover and the demands of field validation tests are analyzed, the scheme and the performance of the special test program are illuminated. This review focuses on the development of the field validation test methods and technologies, such as the low gravity simulation, the lunar unstructured terrain simulation, the production and the preparation of engineering lunar regolith simulant, the lunar lighting environment simulation, and the lunar dust simulation. Some suggestions are made for the test methods and technology development for the deep-space spacecraft.
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