波带片衍射成像技术在对地观测卫星中的应用

摘要

This paper introduces the foreign development of zone plate diffractive imaging technol- ogy （ZPDIT） in earth observation aspect. It describes evolution of photon sieve technology and summarizes application of ZPDIT in satellites which operate on both high orbit and low orbit. Advantages of ZPDIT are discussed, which include making imaging satellites in low orbit mini- mized and enabling imaging satellites in high orbit to have high spatial resolution. Technology challenges of ZPDIT which foreign country confronted are also introduced, such as narrow band- width, method of diffractive membrane＇s folding and deployment, and figure control of diffrac- tive lens. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for Chinese future development of ZPDIT used in earth observation.%介绍了国外波带片衍射成像技术在对地观测领域中的发展，论述了光子筛技术的演化历程，并总结了衍射成像技术在国外高轨和低轨卫星成像中的应用，提出了波带片衍射成像技术可使“低轨成像卫星小型化”和“高轨成像卫星高分（辨率）化”的优势，及目前国外在研究波带片衍射成像技术中存在的带宽较窄、薄膜折叠展开方法、衍射透镜面形保持等问题，并对中国开展用于对地观测的波带片衍射成像技术的研发提出了建议。