60Co-γ辐射诱导马铃薯表型变异效应的研究

摘要

The buddiin tubere of Favorita ( Solanum tubercsum) were treated wirh 60 Co-γ irradiation at the doses of 0 ( CK) . 10 , 20 . 40 , 60 and 80 Gy to atudy the phenotypic mutagenic effect of VMI plants for increasing its mutation frequency, acreeninS new ,wiation types and improving potato varieties. The results ahowed that 60 Co-γ irradiation treatment could aignificantly delay aeedling emergence , the delay effect of seedling emergence and plant aberration rate increased with increase of irradiation dose , the plant aberration rate of budding tubers treated with 80 Gy reached 100 ％ , there wcre significantly negative correlations between plant height, leaf number per plant, and atem diameter and irradiation at seedling stage. there was a significantly negative correlation between yield per plant and irradiation dose when irradiation dose was 20 - 80 Gy, the yield per plant of budding tubers treated with 10 Gy was significandy higher than CK and other treatments. 60 Co-γ irradiation had an obvious inhibition effect oa VM1 growth of Favorita mini potatoes. and resulted in aberration of plant characters to varying degrees. and the higher the dosc was, the more the aberration rate and type were. The optimum irradiation dose for treating Favorita mini potatoes was 20 - 40 Gy.%为提高马铃薯品种费鸟瑞它的变异频率,筛选新的变异类型,改良品种使其更加适应生产需要,对该品种的萌芽微型薯进行了6个60Co-γ辐照剂量处理[0(CK)、10、20、40、60、80 Gy],研究辐射当代(VM1)表型变异的效应.结果表明,60Co-γ射线处理能明显廷缓薯块的出苗期,随着辐照剂量的增加,廷缓效应逐渐增强;檀株畸变率随着辐照剂量的增加而逐渐提高,80 Gy处理的植株畸变率达到100%;株高、单株叶片数及茎粗与辐照剂量仅在幼苗期存在显著负相关;单株产量在20～80Gy辐照剂量范围与辐照剂量呈显著负相关,而10 Gy处理的单株产量显著高于CK和其他处理.认为:60Co-γ辐射对费鸟瑞它微型薯VM1的生长具有明显的抑制效应,并导致植株性状出现不同程度的畸变,剂量越高畸变率越高、畸变类型越多;费乌瑞它的辐照剂量在20-40Gy范围较适宜.