航天诱变对芥菜生理生化特性的影响

摘要

以“实践八号”育种卫星搭载后SP5代芥菜变异选系的叶片为材料,对叶片中叶绿素含量、SOD活性、POD活性以及可溶性蛋白含量进行检测,研究航天诱变对芥菜不同品种生理生化特性的影响,为下一步开展芥菜航天诱变育种奠定基础.结果显示:芥菜变异选系与对照相比生理生化特性产生了不同程度的增减变化；不同生理指标变化幅度不同,其中POD活性和叶绿素含量变化幅度较大,可溶性蛋白含量变化幅度最小；不同芥菜品种对航天诱变敏感性不同,其中棒菜S50变异选系最敏感,各指标基本达到显著或极显著水平,茎瘤芥JL209变异选系最不敏感；不同发育时期芥菜生理生化特性不同,幼苗移栽40d比80 d芥菜变异株系生理生化指标差异明显,说明生育后期各生理生化特性逐渐趋于稳定.芥菜；航天诱变；叶绿素含量；SOD活性；POD活性；可溶性蛋白含量；生理生化特性%Seeds of mustard (Brassica juncea Coss. ) varieties were carried into outer space by ' Shijian No. 8' satellite, and subsequently SP5 generations mutant lines were obtained through field selections. Respectively, their original parent was used as control material, meanwhile, contents of chlorophyll, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) and soluble protein content in leaves of mustard were tested to investigate the effect of space mutation on the physiological and biochemical properties, which could supply good foundation for mustard space mutation breeding. The results showed that mustard mutant lines had different degrees of increased and decreased changes on the physiological and biochemical properties compared to control;different physiological indexes had various range of variation, a-mong them POD activity and contents of chlorophyll were larger than others, and soluble protein content was the minimum; different varieties of mustard had various sensitivity to space mutation, among them SSO ( B. juncea var. carassicaulis Chen et Yang) mutant lines were the most sensitivity, and almost every physiological index reached significant level or highly significant level, however, JL209(B. juncea var. tu-mida Tsen et Lee) mutant lines were the lest sensitivity; the physiological and biochemical properties of mustard were various in each developmental stages, and the physiological and biochemical properties in 40 days after transplanting were more significant than that in 80 days, indicating that the physiological and biochemical properties gradually turned to be stable in the late growth stage.