不同施氮量对马铃薯养分吸收及产量的影响

摘要

[Objective] The present study was conducted to probe the effects of applying different amounts of nitrogen on the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium nutrient absorption in different organs of potato and its yield in different growth stages.[Method] A field experiment was adopted.[Result] In potato growth period,N fertilizer could improve mass fraction of N,P,K in potato organs,of which N2 P2 K2treatment was the highest and significantly higher than that without using N fertilizer (No P2 K2).Average nutrition ration (N∶ P2 02 ∶ K2 0) produ-cing 1000 kg tubers was 1∶ 0.49∶ 2.N fertilizer could obviously improve the potato yield and commodity rate,and the potato yield and commodity rate were the best with using N2 P2 K2 treatment (225 kg/hm2),compared with No P2 K2 treatment,the potato yield and commodity rate significantly increased by 21.33 ％ and 18.56 ％.[Conclusion] From the point of the potato yield and economic benefit,the best nitrogen application is 225 kg/hm2 in dry cultivation area in central Ningxia.%[目的]研究氮素不同施用量在马铃薯不同的生育期对马铃薯各器官氮、磷、钾养分吸收和产量的影响.[方法]采用田间小区试验.[结果]在马铃薯生育期,施氮肥均可提高植株器官N、P、K质量分数,其中N2P2K2处理的各器官N、P、K质量分数最高,均显著高于N0 P2 K2处理.生产1000 kg块茎所需N、P205、K20平均比例为1∶0.49∶2.施氮肥均可提高马铃薯产量和商品率,其中N2P2K2处理(225 kg/hm2)对马铃薯增产和提高商品薯率效果最佳,较N0P2K2处理显著提高21.33％和18.56％.[结论]从马铃薯产量和经济效益来看,宁夏中部旱作区种植马铃薯最佳氮肥施用量是225 kg/hm2.