月季和野蔷薇的试管嫁接研究

摘要

[目的]研究月季和野蔷薇的试管嫁接技术,为月季繁殖的有效途径提供参考.[方法]以野蔷薇带芽茎段为外植体,通过比较不同灭菌方法、不同激素种类和浓度的培养基对组培快繁的影响,筛选出适宜的灭菌方法以及培养基,从而建立野蔷薇的无菌快繁体系,并以不同品种月季无菌苗的茎尖为接穗,野蔷薇为砧木进行远缘嫁接.[结果]野蔷薇的外植体灭菌宜采用75％酒精溶液拭擦茎段表面后浸泡10 s,再用0.1％的升汞溶液浸泡10 min,继代增殖培养基为MS+ 6-BA 3.0 mg/L+ NAA 0.10 mg/L,生根培养基为WPM+ NAA 0.05 mg/L;保留砧木叶片有利于提高嫁接成活率和生根率;以继代增殖培养25 d的月季茎尖为接穗,有利于远缘嫁接的成活.移栽以绯扇-野蔷薇的成活率最高,其次为“卡罗拉-野蔷薇”、“金凤凰-野蔷薇”、“红双喜-野蔷薇”、“龙沙宝石-野蔷薇”、“遗产-野蔷薇”.[结论]不同月季品种与野蔷薇嫁接的成活率因品种而异,砧木保留叶片与否以及接穗的继代培养时间与嫁接成活率有着密切的关系.%[Objective]Study on the technology of in vitro grafting of Rosa chinen.sis and Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap provided effective ways for the propagation of rose cutting.[Method] With the Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.bud stem segnents as explants,by comparing different sterilization methods,different types and concentrations of hormone medium influence on tissue micropropagation,screened out suitable sterilization method and culture medium,thus established sterile rapid breeding system of the Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.,and in different cultivars of sterile Rosa chiuensis' s seedling as a scion,the Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.was conducted on distant related grafting for the root stock.[Result] The results showed that the Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.was suitable for sterilization of explants with 75 ％ alcohol solution to wipe the surface of the stems after soaking for 10 seconds,and soaks with 0.1％ mercuric chloride solution for 10 minutes,subculture proliferating medium was MS +6-BA 3.0 mg/L +0.10 mg/L NAA,the rooting medium was WPM + NAA 0.05 mg/L.Keeping the root stock blade was helpful to enhance the survival rate of grafting and rooting rate;It was beneficial to the survival of distant grafting by the subculture proliferating medium of 25 d of Rosa chinensis stem tip as a scion.The highest survival rate of transplanting was Hiohgi-multiflora,followed by C'arola-Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.,Golden Scepter-Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.,Double Delight Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.,Rose Eden-Rosa multifiora Thumb.Fl.Jap.,and Heritage-Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.[Conclusion] The survival rate of different varieties of Rosa chinensis and Rosa multiflora Thunb.Fl.Jap.was different with variety.There was close relationship between rootstock retaining leaves or not,the subculture time and grafting survival rate.