覆膜栽培方式对雨养区马铃薯土壤酶活性和土壤微生物及产量的影响

摘要

[Objective] The study aims to provide the basis of plastic film mulching cultivation for rainfed agricultural of southern Ningxia.[Method] The experiment were conducted to study soil enzyme activity,the number of soil microorganism and potato yield under the different film-covering modes.[Result] The number of microorganisms under different treatments was:bacteria ＞ actinomycetes ＞ fungus;The soil enzyme activity had changing trend:invertase ＞ phosphatase ＞ urease ＞ Catalase.The bacteria,urease were significantly positively correlate with potato yield,and actinomycetes,catalase,phosphatase was significantly related to the potato yield.The soil microorganism quantity and soil enzyme activity between the groups were characterized by single ridge on the whole effect of ridge planting significantly higher than the control.[Conclusion] Comprehensive analysis of the indicators,the author thinks that Single ridge line all the way of cultivating the most beneficial for rainfed agricultural region of potato of soil microorganism quantity,the potato crop,improve soil enzyme activity and can be used as a local potato planting preferred mode of production.%[目的]为了给宁夏南部雨养农业区马铃薯田合理使用地膜栽培方式提供依据.[方法]进行了不同覆膜栽培方式对马铃薯田土壤酶活性、土壤微生物数量及马铃薯产量影响的试验.[结果]各处理中微生物数量均表现为细菌＞放线菌＞真菌;土壤酶活性表现为蔗糖酶＞磷酸酶＞脲酶＞过氧化氢酶.马铃薯产量以单垄双行全覆膜栽培最高,马铃薯产量与不同的土壤酶、土壤微生物相关性不同,且各处理间土壤微生物数量与土壤酶活性均表现为单垄双行全覆膜垄上种植明显高于对照.[结论]综合分析各项指标,单垄双行全覆膜栽培方式最有利于增加雨养农业区马铃薯土壤微生物数量,提高土壤酶活性以及马铃薯的产量,可以作为当地马铃薯增产种植的首选模式.