2种材料与复合肥配施对提高棉花氮肥利用率的影响

摘要

[目的]探究棉粕腐殖酸和PPMn型高分子材料与复合肥配施对棉田的土壤氮与植株氮的影响效应.[方法]本试验设置了5个处理:CK(不施肥)处理、S(常规复合肥)处理、P(PPMn型高分子材料+复合肥)处理、H(棉粕腐植酸+复合肥)处理和P+H(PPMn型高分子材料+棉粕腐植酸+复合肥)处理.针对不同处理对棉田3个土层的速效氮含量、植株干物质积累量和植株全氮积累量进行了分析.[结果]PPMn型高分子材料能够提高土壤速效氮含量、减少土壤养分迁移、有效控制肥料的养分释放速率、提高氮肥利用率和棉花产量;棉粕腐殖酸能够有效的促进棉花植株生长、刺激植株对氮的吸收、提氮高肥利用率和棉花产量;2种材料与复合肥配施促进棉花生长、刺激棉花对养分的吸收,改善肥料的养分释放速率,降低养分淋洗,提高棉花产量和氮肥利用率;PPMn型高分子材料与棉粕,腐植酸分别使氮的农学利用效率提高了19.4％和27.8％.[结论]2种材料与复合肥配施均能够提高土壤碱解氮含量,提高棉花对氮的吸收利用从而提高氮肥利用效率和棉花产量.%[Objective] The effects of cottonseed meal humic acid and PAM change of material with the compound fertilizer application on cotton soil nitrogen and nitrogen were explored.[Method] The test set five treatments:CK (no fertilizer),S (conventional compound fertilizer),P (PAM modified materials and compound fertilizer),H (cottonseed meal humic acid + composite fertilizer processing) and P + H (PAM modified materials + cottonseed meal + humate compound fertilizer) treatments.Under different treatments,the accumulation amounts of cotton three soil available nitrogen contents,plant dry matter cumulative biomass and plant nitrogen were analyzed.[Result] PAM modified materials could increase soil available nitrogen content,reduce nutrient leaching,effectively control the nutrient release rate and improve the utilization ratio of nitrogen fertilizer and the yield of cotton;Cottonseed meal humic acid could effectively promote the cotton plant growth,stimulate plant nitrogen absorption and the nitrogen high fertilizer utilization rate and yield of cotton;The application of two kinds of materials and the compound fertilizer could promote cotton growth and its stimulation of nutrient absorption,improve fertilizer nutrient release rate,reduce nutrient leaching and increase cotton yield and nitrogen use efficiency;PAM modified materials and cottonseed meal humic acid for the nitrogen agronomic use efficiency increased by 19.4 ％ and 27.8 ％,respectively.[Conclusion]The combination of two materials and compound fertilizer can increase the content of soil alkaline nitrogen,improve the absorption and utilization of nitrogen and increase the efficiency of nitrogen use and the yield of cotton.