蜈蚣草快繁及其组培苗对砷的富集研究

摘要

[目的]应用不同外植体建立蜈蚣草组织培养快速繁殖的技术体系,并进行组培苗对砷的富集研究.[方法]以蜈蚣草的孢子、幼芽,以及无菌苗的幼叶、幼茎和顶芽为外植体,以不同浓度的蜈蚣草混合匀浆配比不同浓度的植物激素,优选出蜈蚣草组培快繁的最适条件.[结果]幼叶为最佳外植体,其次是孢子,顶芽和茎最差.1/2MS+2,4-D 2 mg/L+蜈蚣草茎叶匀浆混合液(PVCLM) 60g/L为最佳的愈伤诱导培养基,愈伤诱导率可达100％;1/2MS +6-BA 2 mg/L+ NAA 0.2 mg/L+ PVCLM 200 g/L为最佳分化培养基,分化率达98.3％;1/2 MS +6-BA 2 mg/L+ NAA 0.2mg/L+ PVCLM 200 g/L为最佳的丛生芽增殖培养基,增殖系数达1.1;1/4MS+ NAA 0.2 mg/L为最佳生根培养基,生根率98％,以上涉及的培养基中琼脂浓度为7.8 g/L,蔗糖浓度为20 g/L,pH为5.8～6.0.组培苗移栽至尾矿库栽种,成熟后检测蜈蚣草中富集的砷的量达到3318 g/hm2.[结论]摸索出一套适合工厂化的蜈蚣草组培快繁技术体系,组培苗对砷的富集量较野生型高.%[Objective] The objective of the present paper is to establish plant tissue culture and rapid propagation techniques using different explants of Pteris vittata Linn.And the arsenic enrichment of plantlet was analyzed.[Method] The spore,bud and young leaves,caulicle,apical buds of plantlet were used as explants,and the 1/2 MS + sucrose 20 g/L + phytagel 7.8 g/L (pH 5.8-6.0) were used as the basic medium,the phytohormone and homogenate of plant ratio testing were used to screen the medium formula for callus induction and subculture of P.vittata.[Result] The young leaves were the best explants,followed by spores,the caulicle and apical buds were the worst explants.The best medium formula for the callus induced from explants was 1/2MS + 2,4-D 2 mg/L + PVCLM 60 g/L The best differentiation medium formula for the seedling induced from callus was 1/2MS + 6-BA 2 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L + PVCLM 200 g/L The best adventitious bud multiplication medium formula was 1/2MS +6-BA 2 mg/L + NAA 0.2 mg/L + PVCLM 200 g/L In addition,the use of 1/4MS + NAA 0.2 mg/L could get a high rooting rate (98 ％).Therefore,using this tissue culture system,callus reduction and differentiation rate could reach to 100 ％ and 98.3 ％.Finally,the concentration of arsenic enrichment of plantlet in P.vittata was 3318 g/hm2 when planted in tailing impoundments.[Conclusion] A rapid tissue culture technology system was established for P.vittata.This technology is suitable for mass production.The plantlet can enrichment more arsenic than wild type.