[Objective] In this paper,split plot design with two factors was adopted to determine the optimal planting width and density that benefit for high yields of maize and soybean.[Method] Two planting width [1.8 meters (W1) and 2 meters (W2)] and three planting density[5 × 104 plants/hm2 (D1),5.5 × 104 plants/hm2 (D2),6 × 104plants/hm2 (D3)] were included in the experiment.[Result] As showed in the study,compared with W1,yield components of maize,such as ear length,cob diameter,kernel row number,kernels per row,1 000 kernel weight and ear weight increased,while bare tip length decreased in the W2 treatment.The pods on the branch,seeds on the branch,pods per plant,seeds per plant of soybean were higher in the W2 treatment than that in W1 treatment.The yield of maize and soybean,and the total crop yield in the maize-soybean intercropping system increased 4.1％,12.4 ％ and 5.1％,respectively.The D3 density was most suitable for maize while the density D1 was more optimal for soybean.In the W2 treatment,the grain yield and total yield of maize,the soybean yield increased 4.3 ％,4.6 ％ and 22.3 ％ compared with the W1 treatment,respectively.[Conclusion] Higher maize density led to lower soybean yield,while larger planting width would increase the yield.Based on the research,2 meters planting (W2) width and 6 × 104 plants/hm2 (D3) density was the best choice for high yield of both crops.%[目的]为优化玉米-大豆间作模式的幅宽和玉米密度进行组合配置,研究采用幅宽和玉米密度二因素裂区设计.[方法]试验设置1.8 m(W1)和2m(W2)2种幅宽水平和5万株/hm2(D1)、5.5万株/hm2(D2)、6万株/hm2(D3)3个密度梯度.[结果]与1.8m幅宽处理(W1)相比,2m幅宽(W2)玉米穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、千粒重、单穗干重增加,秃尖率降低;大豆分枝结荚数、分枝粒数、单株结荚数、单株粒数显著增加,玉米产量、大豆产量及玉豆总产分别提高4.1％、12.4％和5.1％;各密度水平间,以高密度(D3)玉米产量和玉豆总产最高,大豆产量以低密度(D1)最高,其中2 m幅宽(W2)下,玉米产量、大豆产量和玉豆总产比1.8m幅宽(W1)分别增加4.3％、22.3％和4.6％.[结论]玉米密植(D3)会导致大豆产量降低,但增加幅宽能促进大豆产量形成.综合考虑玉米和大豆的产量,2 m幅宽(W2)和密植(D3)有利于玉米产量和玉豆间作体系总产的提高.
展开▼
