海洋生物体多环芳烃污染残留及其健康风险评价研究

摘要

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs) are chemicals mainly derived from oil and coal and from burning a variety of organic materials. They are persistent organic pollutants ( POPs) with carcinogenicity, teratogenicity and mutagenicity, widespread throughout the environment Increasing attention has been paid to PAHs pollution which has become the focus of researches on POPs. Accumulation of PAHs occurs in all marine organisms and affects not only native wildlife but also human health via contaminated seafood. In this review, we summarize analytical methods, influencing factors and source identification of PAHs in marine organisms (fishes, mussels, crabs, etc. ) in recent years. Additionally, we introduce the assessment methods of potential health risk associated with seafood consumption. Finally, we point out the existing problems in present researches to provide direction for further research.%多环芳烃(PAHs)主要来源于煤、石油等矿物燃料及其他有机物的不完全燃烧和裂解过程,是一类广泛存在于环境中具有潜在致畸、致癌和致突变效应的持久性有机污染物.PAHs引起的污染问题越来越受到人们的关注,已经被世界许多国家列为有机污染物的研究重点.海洋环境中的PAHs可以通过生物积累和食物链传递作用进入鱼类、贝类等海洋生物体中,不仅影响海洋生物的生存繁衍,破坏海洋生态环境,还会通过水产品影响人类健康.文章重点对近年来国内外鱼类、贝类等海洋生物体PAHs残留分析方法、残留水平的影响因素、来源解析以及人体暴露健康风险评价等方面进行了综述,同时指出了目前研究还存在的一些问题,为今后的研究提供了方向.