广州地区传统村落历史演变研究

摘要

In this paper, we systematicaly study historical evolution of traditional vilages in Guangzhou area from early Qing Dynasty to Republic of China. According to changes of related factors in production methods and lifestyle of these vilages, the historical evolution of the traditional vilages in Guangzhou area is divided into two phases, five times. Related factors in production methods include external traffic, industrial structure, land reclamation and farming technology. Related factors in lifestyle include component of resident, architectural form, residential density, and settlement pattern. Changes in production methods of the traditional vilages in Guangzhou area eventualy led to changes in lifestyle and promote the development of vilages from primitive clan society to feudal patriarchal clan society. Results of this study are in favor of overal protection to existing traditional vilages in Guangzhou area. In this paper, the data is mainly from local chronicles from Qing Dynasty to Republic of China as wel as on-site investigation.%本文对广州地区先秦至民国传统村落演变史进行系统研究，根据村落生产方式和生活方式相关要素的变化，将广州地区传统村落的历史演变划分为两个阶段、五个时期。与村落生产方式相关的要素包括对外交通、产业构成、土地开垦、农耕技术；与村落生活方式相关的要素包括居民构成、建筑形态、居住密度、村落形态。广州地区传统村落生产方式的变化最终导致村落生活方式的变化，推动村落由原始社会的氏族村落向封建社会的宗族村落发展。本文的研究成果有利于揭示广州市域及周边地区传统村落的演进规律。本文数据主要来自清代至民国地方志以及现场调研。