氮磷用量对胡麻非结构性碳水化合物积累转运及产量的影响

摘要

为了探明不同氮磷肥投入与胡麻非结构性碳水化合物( non-structure carbohydrate, NSC)的生产和产量形成的关系,通过大田试验分析了氮磷配施后胡麻植株NSC的生产、转运和分配规律以及其与产量形成的关系。结果表明,胡麻叶中NSC累积量随施氮量的增加呈先增后减的变化趋势,随施磷量的增加而增加。胡麻植株各器官NSC的含量与其氮浓度呈负相关关系,与其磷素浓度呈正相关关系。开花前储藏的 NSC对产量的贡献率为10．97%~33．92%,施氮可降低花前NSC对产量的贡献率,而施磷可提高花前NSC对产量的贡献率。花前NSC的转移效率为17．19%~41．00%,施氮后转移效率降低,但施磷后转移效率提高。花后光合产物对产量的贡献率较高,为39．26%~73．68%,且高氮高磷处理能显著提高花后光合产物对胡麻产量的贡献率。花前胡麻叶片中NSC含量与产量和有效蒴果数呈显著的正相关,相关系数分别为0．887、0．667；花后胡麻叶中NSC含量与胡麻植株有效蒴果数、蒴果大小、千粒重和产量均呈显著正相关,相关系数分别为0．734、0．774、0．687和0．816。%In order to analyze the relationship between nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization and no-structure carbohydrate ( NSC) or grain yield of oil flax, a field experiment was conducted to detect the effects of N-fertilizer and P-fertilizer application rates on the production capacity of NSC and its translation and distribution in oil flax. The results showed that the accumulation amounts of NSC in leaf increased firstly and then decreased with the increasing of the N-fertilizer rates, and increased with the increasing of the P-fertilizer rates. The content of NSC in oil flax had a negative correlation with its nitrogen ( N) concentra-tion, but had a positive correlation with its phosphorus ( P) concentration. The contribution of pre-anthesis NSC to grain yield was 10. 97% ~33. 92% and it was decreased when N was applied but increased when P was applied. The translation efficiency of NSC before flowers was 17. 19% ~41. 00%, which decreased by N application rates, but increased by moderate P applica-tion rates. The NSC accumulated after the flowers made a larger contribution to the grain yield, contribution rate of NSC after flowers was 39. 26% ~73. 68%. The NSC content of pre-anthesis had a significant positive correlation with the effective cap-sules and the yield, the correlation coefficients were 0. 887and 0. 667, respectively. The NSC of the post-anthesis had a sig-nificant positive correlation with the effective capsules, the yield, the size of capsules and the thousand seed weight, the corre-lation coefficients were 0. 734, 0. 774, 0. 687, 0. 816, respectively.