In order to determine the status and the main problems of fertilizer application such as inputs of organic manure and chemical fertilizer, vegetable yield, etc. in greenhouse vegetable production, 156 farmer's greenhouses (greenhouse with wall, n=139;greenhouse without wall, n=17) were randomly picked out from seven counties, where the sown area of green-house vegetable in each county was more than 6000 hm2 in Tianjin and Hebei province. The investigation showed that exces-sive fertilization was found in most greenhouses, and the inputs of N, P2O5 and K2O were respectively 2.5,10.4 and 2.5 times higher than those recommended amounts for greenhouse vegetable production in the survey area. The proportion of P2O5 in the total amount of fertilizers(organic manure + chemical fertilizers), organic manure and basal chemical fertilizers were all ob-viously too high, in which the N:P2O5:K2O ratio was respectively 1:1.05:1.09, 1:1.50:1.10 and 1:1.38:0.92. The propor-tion of basal chemical fertilizer (sum of N, P2O5 and K2O) in the total chemical fertilizer consumed (basal-dressing and top-dressing) was up to 36.3%, indicating the rate of basal chemical fertilizer was obviously excessive. The principal recommen-dations were also presented in this paper that the total inputs of N, P2O5 and K2O should be reduced, the ratio of N, P2O5 and K2O and the basal-dressing ratio of chemical fertilizers should be optimized, and the application strategy of P2O5 should be im-proved.%为明确设施蔬菜施肥现状及找出施肥中存在的主要问题,在津冀地区选取设施蔬菜播种面积超过6000 hm2的7个县,实地调查设施蔬菜有机肥和化肥投入、蔬菜产量等信息,共调查了156个农户 (温室,n=139;大棚,n=17).调查结果表明,津冀两地设施蔬菜肥料过量施用现象普遍,N、P2O5和K2O投入量平均分别超出推荐量的2.5、10.4和2.5倍;施用的养分总量、有机肥和基肥化肥中的P2O5占比明显过高,三者N:P2O5:K2O分别为1:1.05:1.09、1:1.50:1.10和1:1.38:0.92;基肥化肥比例明显偏高,N+P2O5+K2O用量占化肥 (基肥+追肥) 养分总量比例达到36.3%.建议津冀两地今后在减少N、P2O5、K2O投入总量的同时,还应协调N、P2O5、K2O比例以及化肥的基追肥比例,改进P2O5使用策略.
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