介绍了华北地区冬小麦—夏玉米轮作一年两熟中秸秆还田的方式、现状.采用实地调查、文献资料查阅和专家走访等研究方法,总结和分析了华北地区小麦、玉米秸秆直接还田存在的相对还田量大、秸秆粉碎质量差、秸秆与土壤混合不匀、麦田病虫害加重及还田机械部件磨损严重等问题.并提出了小麦秸秆全量还田、玉米秸秆还田与收集利用并重、夏玉米秸秆及时粉碎还田、土壤轮耕、麦田施尿素调节C/N、造墒播种防病治虫、政府补贴推动等措施.为华北地区小麦、玉米秸秆还田技术的机理研究和推广应用提供参考.%The paper introduced the current situation and methods of straw returning for wheat/corn double cropping area in north China. A field survey,literature review and expert interview approach were applied for analyzing some problems, inclu-ding the relatively large amount of maize straw returning to field, bad crushing quality, uneven mixing of soil and straw, plant diseases and pests, severe damage of mechanical parts. And some other preventive measures, such as returning straw to field in time, improving the quality of smash, manufacturing soil to seed, scientific rotation of soil, prevention of plant diseases and insect pests, and promotion of government subsidy, were also pointed out. Some measures were put forward to improve the technology of returning wheat and corn stalks into the soil in the future. It also could provide reference for mechanism research and extensive application of returning wheat and corn stalks into the soil in north China.
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