为了减轻温室蔬菜过量施肥灌水对肥料浪费及环境问题所造成的影响,通过温室试验,设3个施肥水平(N-P2O5-K2O分别为中肥F1: 517.2 -383.3 -629.6 kg/hm2、低肥F2: 382.1 -286.5 -467.4 kg/hm2、高肥F3: 755.0-558.5-916.4 kg/hm2) 和2种灌水处理 (传统灌溉W1、滴灌W2),分析黄瓜产量及养分含量、水氮生产率、氮、磷淋溶状况以及土壤养分情况,探究减肥减水对温室黄瓜生长、土壤环境等带来的影响.结果表明,试验范围内,在农民习惯施肥量基础上减肥不会造成黄瓜减产,采用滴灌较传统灌溉能提高黄瓜产量;同时,减肥滴灌也不会对黄瓜的养分含量产生影响.此外,减肥滴灌还可以提高灌溉水生产率及氮肥偏生产力,增加0~20 cm土壤硝态氮和速效钾的含量,减少肥料向下淋溶.因此,在当前水肥管理条件下,减肥滴灌效果良好;试验范围内,T4 (低肥+滴灌) 效果最佳.%An experiment was conducted to study the effects of irrigation and fertilization rates on nutrient absorption and yield of cucumber and soil quality in greenhouse. The experiment consisted of three fertilization levels (medium fertilization F1: N 517.2-P2O5383.3-K2O 629.6 kg/hm2; low fertilization, F2: N 382.1-P2O5286.5-K2O 467.4 kg/hm2; high fertilizer F3: N 755.0-P2O5558.5 -K2O 916.4 kg/hm2) and two irrigation treatments (W1: traditional irrigation;W2: drip irrigation). The results showed that reduce fertilizer rates didn't reduce the yield, and drip irrigation increased the yield of cucumber than that of traditional irrigation. Simultaneously, reducing water and fertilizer rates didn't affect the cucumber nutrient content. Moreover, reducing water and fertilizer rates increased the irrigation water productivity and par-tial factor productivity of nitrogen, and resulted in the increase of contents of nitrate and available potassium in 0~20 cm soil layer and the decrease of nutrient leaching amount. Therefore, in the current management of water and fertilizer condi-tions, reducing water and fertilizer rates was effective, and treatment T4 which had the lowest fertilization and drip irrigation was the best choice in this experiment.
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