Legitimacy is critical to the survival and development of an organization. The new institutionalism holds that organizational legitimacy originates from three dimensions: regulatory dimension based on legal coercion,normative dimension based on professional description and cognitive dimension based on social moral culture. This paper points out that the legitimacy of homeowners' association presents differences in commonality between China and The United States:the commonality in legal regulations and the difference in legal status; the commonality in government institutional support and the difference in NGO support; the commonality in memberships' expectations and the difference in memberships' approval. The differences of urban homeowners' association legitimacy in China and The United States mainly stem from different stages of organization's development, national management system for social organizations and social infrastructure. Therefore, making clear the legal status of association, establishing professional guidance associations and constructing the internal democratic mechanism are the key to promote professional and standardization development of homeowners' association.%"合法性"对组织的生存和发展至关重要.新制度主义认为,法律强制的规制性维度、专业性说明的规范性维度和社会道德文化的认知性维度,是组织合法性的主要来源.中美城市业主组织在组织合法性的三个维度上呈现出共性与差异共存的特征:法律规定共性与法律地位的差异,政府机构支持共性与行业协会支持的差异,组织成员角色期待共性与组织成员认可的差异.中美城市业主组织合法性差异主要源于业主组织发展阶段性、国家对社会组织管理体系和社会基础结构的不同.明确业主组织法律地位,成立国家和省级层面业主指导协会,建构业主组织内部民主机制,是推动中国城市业主组织专业化和规范化发展的关键.
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