铜、镉、汞单一及其复合污染对少根紫萍的毒害研究

摘要

Through the water culture experiment in laboratory, the effect of pollution by single one of Cu, Cd, Hg and their combination with different concentrations on the chlorophyll and praline concentration in the Spirodela Oligorrhiza were studied. According to the observation and analysis, it found that after culture by four days every treatment appeared poisoning symptoms in different degree. At the same concentration level, the poison effects of single metal on the chlorophyll of Spirodela Oligorrhiza ranked as Cd 〉 Cu 〉 Hg. The poison of combination of Cu ＋ Cd and Cu ＋ Cd ＋ Hg appeared synergistic effect; when the concen- tration of Cd ＋ Hg combination was less than or equal to 6.0 ＋ 4. 0 mg/L it appeared antagonist effect, otherwise it appeared synergistic effect; when the concentration of Cu ＋ Hg combination was less than or equal to 0. 4 ＋ 4. 0 mg/L it appeared antagonist effect, otherwise it appeared synergistic effect. With the increasing pollutant concentration, proline content appeared an obvious antagonist peak, and then droped.%通过实验室水培试验研究不同浓度处理水平下Cu、Cd、Hg单一及其复合污染对少根紫萍叶绿素及脯氨酸浓度的影响。经观察分析,培养4天后,各处理组均呈现出不同程度的受害症状。同一浓度处理水平下,单一重金属污染对少根紫萍叶绿素的生态毒性效应为Cd〉Cu〉Hg。复合污染中Cu＋Cd和Hg＋Cu＋Cd对叶绿素的影响则表现为协同作用;Cd＋Hg复合浓度≤6.0＋4.0mg/L时表现为拮抗作用,复合浓度〉6.0＋4.0mg/L时表现为协同作用;Cu＋Hg复合浓度≤0.4＋4.0mg/L时表现为协同作用;复合浓度〉0.4＋4.0mg/L时表现为拮抗作用。随处理浓度的递增,脯氨酸含量均表现出一显著抗性峰,而后下降。