先进复合材料因其具有高的比强度和比刚度而在工程结构中被广泛应用.对于大型船舶的轻型上层建筑结构来说,不仅能降低整船重量还能提高船舶的稳性.论文采用有限元方法,结合参数化建模,用蒙皮厚度、芯材厚度等6个变量作为设计变量开展优化设计,并用一阶方法搜寻最优解.与钢制上层建筑相比,在不考虑连接件的情况下复合材料上层建筑能达到减重30％的目标.用扫描法考察设计变量的变化对结构总体性能的影响,给出各设计变量优化时的优先级,为大尺度复合材料上层建筑初步设计提供参考.%Composite materials have high specific strength and stiffness and are widely used in engineering structures.In a large ship,the superstructure with light weight can reduce the weight and improve the stability without reducing the stiffness of the main hull.Combined with parameterized modeling,an optimal design with six design parameters,such as thickness of skin and core,etc.was carried out.First-order method was applied in searching the optimal solution.It is shown that weight of the optimal composite superstructure is reduced by 30 percent if compared with the corresponding steel superstructure.Sensitivities of design parameters on the performance of the structure were investigated,which would provide a reference to the preliminary design of the superstructure in composite materials for large ships.
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