人为管理模式下林地春季大型土壤动物群落结构与多样性

摘要

The Sophora japonica forest and Hippophae rhamnoides forest under artificial management in Shanxi agricultural university were chosen to survey soil macrofauna in the field in March 2011. Soil macrofauna were picked up by hand and the number of soil macrofauna was 690. Formicidae were dominant in 61 groups found in Sophora japonica forest of which population accounted for 19. 13% of the community's total individuals; the individuals of common group and rare group were 34.06% and 14.78% of the total number of individuals. Formicidae were also dominant in 36 groups found in Hippo- phae rhamnoides forest of which population accounted for 17.54% of the community's total individuals ; the individuals of common group and rare group were 6. 37% and 8.12% of the total number of individuals. The soil macrofauna number of groups in Sophora japonica forest was more than that in Hippophae rhamnoides forest and the proportion of individuals in communities in the former was greater significantly than that in the latter under artificial management.%选取人为管理槐树林和沙棘林，于2011年5月分3次对山西农业大学林业生态试验站的槐树和沙棘两种林分的大型土壤动物进行调查。手捡法取样共获得大型土壤动物681只。槐树林有56个类群，以膜翅目蚁科为优势类群，其个体数占群落总个体数的19．13％；常见类群和稀有类群的个体数分别占总个体数的34．06％和14．78％．沙棘林共有大型土壤动物35个类群，其优势类群也为膜翅目蚁科，占群落总个体数的17．54％；常见类群占个体总数的6．37％；稀有类群占总个体数的8．12％．结果表明，在人为管理模式下，槐树林大型土壤动物类群数高于沙棘林，且各类群个体数占群落总个体数的百分比也明显高于沙棘林。