探讨了合成4-硝基咪唑的方法以及如何提高其得率的问题。对样品进行了熔点测定,采用红外光谱进行了表征,验证了所得反应产物。通过单因素实验得出最佳操作条件：咪唑酸化时间40 min,温度控制在25℃以下;硝硫混酸硝化硫酸咪唑盐时间2.5 h,控制温度55℃;在冰点附近调节反应液的pH=3～4,然后进行减压蒸馏抽滤,可以使产物最大限度地析出。%This article discusses the synthesis of 4-nitroimidazole method, and how to improve its yield problems. The melting point of the samples was measured; and the infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize, The results of characterization shows that the reaction product obtained was target compound. Through the single factor experiment, the conclusions are as follows: the optimal operating conditions were :acidifieation time 40 min under the temperature of 25℃ ; nitric-sulfuric acid nitration acid imidazole salt time 2.5 h, control temperature at 55 ℃ ; in the near freezing point regulation of pH of reaction solution to 3 - 4, and then reducing pressure distillation, filtration, it can obtain the products of maximum precipitation.
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