康桥镇金属制造业职业伤害干预效果研究

摘要

Objective:To comprehensively assess the effects of the behavioral intervention of the occupational accident prevention on metal manufacturing workers. Methods:In Kangqiao town, ifve companies were randomly selected, including two companies for intervention target, and the remaining three for the control group. Before the intervention, all workers in two groups were investigated with accident baseline questionnaire. And then the workers of the intervention group were educated with occupational safety management, health education, safety behavioral interventions and other accidental injury general interventions. After one year intervention, the two groups were investigated with ifnal injury questionnaire and their results were evaluated and compared before and after intervention. Results:The occupational injury incidence rate of the intervention group declined from 7.0%of the baseline to 4.5%and the comparison before and after intervention had signiifcant difference (x2=6.044, P=0.016). The occupational injury prevention knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of the workers in the intervention group were obvious higher than those of workers in the control group, while the incidence of injury, occupational injury prevention knowledge, attitudes and behavior of the workers in the control group had not changed signiifcantly. Conclusion:Comprehensive behavioral interventions can effectively reduce the incidence of accidental injury in the enterprises, which are worth promoting.%目的：评估综合行为干预措施对金属制造业职工职业意外伤害的效果。方法：随机抽取5家企业，其中3家为干预对象，其余2家为对照组。干预前对两组企业所有职工进行意外伤害基线问卷调查，后对干预组企业职工开展以职业安全管理、健康教育、安全行为干预等意外伤害综合干预措施。干预一年后对两组企业职工开展终期伤害问卷调查，前后对比，评估干预效果。结果：干预组金属制造业企业职业伤害年发生率从基线的7.0%降低到4.5%，前后比较具有显著性差异（x2=6.044，P=0.016）。干预组职工的职业伤害防治的知识、态度和行为均较对照组有明显提高。而同期对照组企业职工的伤害发生率,职业伤害防治知识、态度和行为均没有显著性变化。结论：通过综合行为干预，可以有效降低企业意外伤害发生率，值得大力推广。