2007-2013年宜川主要死因减寿分析

摘要

目的：了解宜川居民主要死因特征、分布和对居民健康的危害程度，为恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病和心脏病的防治提供科学依据。方法：采用2007-2013年死亡证调查资料，以死亡率、构成比、去死因寿命表等统计指标分析恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病对患者生命的影响。结果：死因顺位前三位分别是恶性肿瘤、脑血管病和心脏病，分别占全死因的30.03%、20.08%和死17.71%；粗亡率分别为269.86/10万（标化死亡率为108.51/10万）、186.97/10万（标化死亡率为64.66/10万）和159.19/10万（标化死亡率为54.27/10万）。三大死因占全死因的68.54%。2007-2013年居民平均寿命为80.91岁，男性平均寿命为78.82岁，女性平均寿命为82.68岁。患者因恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病和心脏病死因减少寿命分别为3.57岁、2.29岁和1.94岁，对平均寿命造成的损失分别为4.41%、2.82%和2.39%。结论：恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病和心脏病是社区的主要死因，死亡率随着年龄的增长而增加，对居民预期寿命损失较大。%Objective:To understand the feature, distribution and harmful extent of the main death causes to the health of the residents in Yichuan to provide a scientiifc basis for the prevention and treatment of the malignant tumors, cerebrovascular disease and heart disease. Methods:The impact of the malignant tumors, cerebrovascular disease and heart disease on the patient lives were analyzed with the statistical index of the mortality rate, its composition ratio, and the cause eliminated life expectancy that were collected from the survey data of the death certiifcate from 2007 to 2013. Results:The top three sequences of the death causes were the malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease and heart disease which accounted for 30.03%, 20.08%and 17.71%of all causes of death, respectively. The crude mortality rates were 269.86/100 000 (standardized mortality rate 108.51/100 000), 186.97/100 000 (standardized mortality rate 64.66/100 000), and 159.19/100 000 (standardized mortality rate 54.27/100 000), respectively. The three leading death causes accounted for 68.54%of all causes of death. The average life expectancy of the residents from 2007 to 2013 was 80.91 years old;the life expectancy for man and woman was 78.82 and 82.68 years old. The life expectancy of the patients was reduced 3.57, 2.29 and 1.94 years old and the loss of the life expectancy was 4.41%, 2.82%and 2.39%due to the malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease and heart disease death, respectively. Conclusion:The malignant tumor, cerebrovascular disease and heart disease are the leading causes of death and the death rate increases with the ages increasing which brings the big loss to the residents’ life expectancy.