典型土壤中多环芳烃纵向迁移过程模拟研究

摘要

选择北京潮土、清源潮棕壤、江西红壤和黑龙江黑土4种典型土壤,采用土柱淋滤模拟实验方法,以菲和芘为代表,对比考察多环芳烃在不同土壤中的纵向迁移过程,综合分析土壤基本理化性质对多环芳烃纵向迁移过程的影响。结果表明：土壤细颗粒（0～20μm）含量和土壤有机质是制约多环芳烃在土壤中纵向迁移的主要因素,容重和阳离子交换量对该环境过程影响不大。淋滤结束后土柱中多环芳烃残留量监测结果显示：北京潮土中,菲和芘的平均浓度最低,分别为8.81,9.94 mg/kg;黑龙江黑土中,两者的残留浓度最高,分别达14.62、17.02 mg/kg。最后,SPSS相关性分析结果表明,土柱中菲、芘的残留量与土壤细颗粒（0～20μm）含量的相关系数分别为0.99和0.93,与土壤有机质的相关系数分别为0.74和0.88。%A series of soil column simulation experiments have been conducted to determine vertical migration characteristics of phenanthrene and pyrene as representatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs） in typical soils in China including fluvo-aquic soil（FAS）,aquic brown soil（ABS）,red soil（RS） and black soil（BS）. Correlation between the migration process of the selected PAHs and physicochemical properties of those four typical soils were investigated.It indicated that portion of fine particles（0 ~ 20 urn in size） and contents of soil organic matter（SOM） played key roles in the vertical migration whilst the character of volumetric weight and cation exchange capacity（CEC） of soils showed less effects.After eluviation,average contents of phenanthrene and pyrene remained were the least in FAS reaching 8.81 mg/kg and 9.94 mg/kg,and the most in BS coming up to 14.62 mg/kg and 17.02 mg/kg,respectively.Finally,SPSS analysis results revealed that correlative parameters of remained phenanthrene and pyrene with portion of fine soil particles（0 - 20μm in size） were 0.99 and 0.93, whilst that with SOM were 0.74 and 0.88,respectively.