我国青少年乒乓球运动员非智力因素研究

摘要

根据我国青少年乒乓球运动员特定的文化、环境特点，在我国非智力因素理论相关研究的基础上，运用文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查和数理统计等方法，以八一队、山东队等5个乒乓球专业队10岁至17岁的青少年运动员为研究对象，分析非智力因素的差异性，为乒乓球运动员的训练和科学选材提供可靠依据。研究结果表明不同性别运动员中，成就动机、运动焦虑、运动自信心三个维度上存在显著性差异；不同年龄段运动员中，运动热情有非常显著的差异；不同训练年限的运动员中，运动独立性和运动坚持性两个维度存在显著性差异；不同级别运动员中，运动热情、注意稳定性和情绪稳定性三个维度有显著性差异。各级教练员根据乒乓球运动员非智力因素的差异性，从科学选材，到有侧重的加强青少年乒乓球运动员非智力因素的培养和强化，能在科学训练中更快更好的提升乒乓球竞技水平，缩短成才周期。%Based on the theory of non - intelligence factors,according to young table tennis players’specific cultural and environmental characteristics to analyze the difference of non -intelligence factors among young players and provide a reliable basis for training and scientific selection. This paper takes 10 ~ 17 years old young table tennis players who are trained in 5 different professional teams such as Shandong team as research objects. By using literature, expert interviews,questionnaires and mathematical statistics method to analyze the difference of non - intelligence factors among them. The results show that athletes of different genders have a significant difference in achievement motivation,sport anxiety,self - confidence motion;In athletes of different age,sports enthusiasm has very significant difference;In the athletes of different training years,there are significant differences in the sports persistence and sports independence;In different levels of athletes,three dimension of sports enthusiasm,attention stability and emotional stability have significant differences. Coaches at all levels could according to differences in non - intelligence factors of athletes,targetedly strengthen the training of non - intelligence factors based on scientific selection,so that scientific training can improve training efficiency faster and better.