40种中药提取物对6种临床常见感染菌株的体外抑菌活性观察

摘要

目的 观察苏木、地榆、淫羊藿、黄连、白芍等40种贵州省常见中药对6种临床常见感染菌株的体外抑菌活性.方法 取40种中药(厚朴、陈皮、益母草、连翘、三七、虎杖、百部、菌陈、拳参、半夏、龙胆草、玄参、黄精、苦瓜、天冬、瓜蒌、淫羊藿、木蝴蝶、木香、姜黄、杜仲、白芨、木瓜、白头翁、地榆、苏木、白芍、紫草、山豆根、钩藤、黄药子、猪牙皂、黄柏、女贞子、山慈菇、黄连、石斛、栀子、枳壳、金钱草)制备水提取液或乙醇提取液.采用纸片琼脂扩散法(K-B法)测算40种中药提取物对6种标准菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、粪肠球菌、肺炎链球菌)的抑菌圈直径.筛选出对标准菌株有抑菌作用(抑菌圈直径范围10~21 mm)的中药提取物,采用微量肉汤稀释法测定中药提取物对6种标准菌株及其临床分离耐药菌株的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)值.结果 K-B法显示15种中药提取物(三七、虎杖、半夏、龙胆草、玄参、黄精、瓜蒌、淫羊藿、木香、地榆、苏木、白芍、紫草、猪牙皂、黄连)对至少1种标准菌株有抑菌作用,抑菌圈直径为10~21 mm;黄连对肺炎链球菌、苏木对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果较好,抑菌圈直径分别为21、20 mm.15种中药MIC在15.63~1 000 mg/mL,其中黄连对肺炎链球菌、苏木对金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC值均为15.63 mg/mL,淫羊藿对肺炎链球菌、地榆对肺炎链球菌的MIC值均为31.25 mg/mL.筛选出5种抑菌活性较强的中药为苏木、地榆、淫羊藿、黄连、白芍,对6种临床分离的耐药菌株有不同程度的抑菌效果,其中苏木对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、黄连对产超广谱-β内酰胺酶肺炎链球菌的MIC50均为15.63 mg/mL.结论 40种中药中苏木、地榆、淫羊藿、黄连、白芍对临床常见感染菌株的抑菌活性较好,黄连对肺炎链球菌及苏木对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌作用最强,苏木对铜绿假单胞菌和白芍、地榆对鲍曼不动杆菌也有一定抑菌效果.%Objective To observe the in vitro antibacterial activity of 40 kinds of common traditional Chinese medicine,such as Sumu (Sapanwood),Diyu(Sanguisorba officinalis),Yinyanghuo (Herba Epimedii),Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis),and Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba),etc.on the six common infectious strains.Methods Forty kinds of Chinese herbal medicine were selected to prepare the water extracts and ethanol extracts.Using the agar diffusion method (K-B method) to calculate the inhibitory zone diameter of 40 kinds of Chinese herb extracts on 6 standard strains (Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Acinetobacter baumannii,Enterococcus faecalis,and Streptococcus pneumoniae) the antibacterial circle diameter.Screening out the Chinese herb extracts having antibacterial effect on standard strain (inhibition zone diameter range 10-21mm) of Chinese herbal extracts.Using broth microdilution method to test the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of herbal extracts on six kinds of standard strains and clinical isolates.Results K-B showed that 15 kinds of Chinese herb extracts had inhibitory effects on at least one kind of standard strain,the diameter of inhibition zone was 10-21 mm.The MIC of 15 kinds of Chinese traditional medicine was 15.63-1 000 μg/mL.The MIC of Huanglian (Coptis chinensis) on streptococcus pneumoniae and Sumu (Sapanwood) on staphylococcus aureus was both 15.63 mg/mL.The MIC of Yinyanghuo (Epimedium) on streptococcus pneumoniae,Diyu (Sanguisorba) on streptococcus pneumoniae was 31.5 mg/mL.We selected 5 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine with strong antibacterial activity Sumu (Sapanwood),Diyu (Sanguisorba officinalis),Yinyanghuo (Herba Epimedii),Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis),Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba),which had different antimicrobial effects on 6 kinds of clinical isolates.The MIC50 of Sumu (Sapanwood) on methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus,and Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis) on ESBLs streptococcus pneumoniaeboth was both 15.63 mg/mL.Conclusions In 40 kinds of common traditional Chinese medicine,Sumu (Sapanwood),Diyu (Sanguisorba officinalis),Yinyanghuo (Herba Epimedii),Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis),and Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) have the best in vitro antibacterial activity on the six common infectious strains.The inhibitory effect of Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis) on streptococcus pneumoniae and Sumu (Sapanwood) on staphylococcus aureus are the best.Sumu (Sapanwood) has a certain bacteriostatic effect on pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) and Diyu (Sanguisorba officinalis) on acinetobacter baumannii.