单胺氧化酶抑制药物神经保护作用的研究进展

摘要

单胺氧化酶（Monoamine oxidase，MAO）是结合在线粒体外膜的一种黄素蛋白酶，可分为 MAO - A 和 MAO - B 二种亚型。MAO - A 抑制药物可提高神经内5- HT 的浓度，用于治疗焦虑症和抑郁症；MAO - B 抑制药物可提高底部神经中枢中 DA 的浓度，用于治疗帕金森氏病和阿尔茨海默氏病。因此，研究 MAO 抑制药物已成为治疗与 MAO 有关神经系统疾病的热点。迄今为止，MAO 抑制药物约有140种之多，但多数有严重的副作用。为此，本文就单胺氧化酶抑制药物的神经保护作用、药物代谢及未来药物的发展加以论述，总结近年来的相关研究进展，以期为进一步研究提供参考。%Monoamine oxidase(MAO)is a flavin protease which is combined in the mitochondrial outer membrane. It has two isoforms,MAO - A and MAO - B. MAO - A inhibitors can increase the concentration of 5 - HT in the nerve. They can be used for the treatment of anxiety disorders and depression. MAO - B inhibitors can increase the concentration of DA in the central nervous system. They can be used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore,researching on MAO inhibitors has become a hot topic in the treatment of MAO - related diseases in the nervous system. So far,MAO inhibitors are about 140 kinds of drugs,but most have serious side effects. To this end,the present review summarized neuroprotection,drug metabolism and future development of monoamine oxidase inhibitors,which is expected to offer references for further studies.