扁桃及普通桃品种的叶片解剖结构及耐旱性分析

摘要

利用石蜡切片技术,对两个扁桃品种浓帕尔、佳美以及两个普通桃品种超红、玉妃的叶片解剖结构进行显微镜观察.通过对叶片厚度、角质层厚度、栅栏组织厚度、海绵组织厚度、上表皮和下表皮厚度等指标进行分析,比较不同品种耐旱性.结果显示:4个供试品种结构相似,表皮覆盖有角质层,栅栏组织排列整齐紧密;耐旱性较强的品种浓帕尔叶片最厚,相应的角质层、上下表皮厚度、栅海比、叶片紧密度等也最大;耐旱性较弱的玉妃叶片最薄,上下表皮、角质层厚度及栅海比均最小.利用隶属函数分析法对其耐旱性进行评价,结果为:浓帕尔＞佳美＞超红＞玉妃.%Using the technology of paraffin section,the leaf anatomical structures of two almond varieties Nonpareil and Jiamei,and two common peach varieties Chaohong and Yufei were observed by microscope.The structure indexes including leaf thickness,corneous layer thickness,palisade tissue thickness,spongy tissue thickness,upper and lower epidermis thickness were measured to compare the drought resistance of different cultivars.The results showed that the four experimental varieties were similar in leaf structure with the epidermis covered by corneous layer and the palisade tissues arranging orderly and tightly.Nonpareil with higher drought-resistant had the thickest leaf,and the corresponding corneous layer thickness,upper and lower epidermis thickness,ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue and CTR were also the largest.Yufei with lower drought-resistant had the thinnest leaf,and the corresponding structure indexes including the upper and lower epidermis thickness,corneous layer thickness and CTR were also the minimum.We evaluated the drought resistance in the study according to the analysis method of membership function with as follows:Nonpareil ＞Jiamei ＞ Chaohong ＞ Yufei.