19世纪末20世纪初俄国工业垄断资本与国家

摘要

Tsar Government is an indispensable force in the formation and development process of Russian industrial monopoly. At the end of 19th century, Tsar Government strengthens and inter⁃venes industry, which leads to the combination of state political power and industrial monopoly capi⁃tal; at early 20th century to the eve of the First World War, the“support”and“restrain”economic policy propels the development of“human resource connection”of Tsar Government and monopoly magnates; before the First World War, Tsar Government establishes war time state economic organiza⁃tion to fully intervene industrial production and distribution with the help of monopoly organization and bourgeoisie organization to realize a complete combination of state political power and industrial monopoly capital.%沙皇政府在俄国工业垄断形成和发展的过程中一直作为不可或缺的重要力量。19世纪末，沙皇政府在不断加强干预工业的趋势中出现了国家政权同工业垄断资本相结合的个别现象；20世纪初到一战前夕，沙皇政府对工业垄断资本所出台的“支持”和“抑制”并存的经济政策推动了沙皇政府与垄断大亨“人事联合”的发展；第一次世界大战时期，沙皇政府为实现对工业生产和分配的全面干预创建了战时国家经济组织，它们借助垄断组织和大资产阶级组织发挥作用实现了国家政权与俄国工业垄断资本的完全结合。