《克罗茨纳赫笔记》：马克思早期政治批判的转折点

摘要

Kreuznach Notebooks is important for Marx to turn political rationality to the critique of so⁃ciety. The reason for Marx’s turn is that Marx realizes three points from reading those materials. The first point is that private property determines the development of politics and its inner structure;the second, representative of bourgeois is the form of the rule of the bourgeoisie; the third is that the relationship between bourgeois and proletariat is the essential conflict of modern society.%《克罗茨纳赫笔记》构成了马克思超越政治理性、转向社会批判的重要环节。通过对私有财产与政治的关系，以及法国大革命大量材料的摘抄，马克思了解到：私有财产决定政治的历史演进以及内部结构；资产阶级代议制并不能实现人民主权，仅仅是资产阶级统治的形式；资产阶级与无产阶级的关系构成现代政治矛盾的关键，它决定着现代社会发展的走向。马克思所取得的这些理论认识，促使他进一步把握到政治本身所具有的内在缺陷，从而超越政治理性转向社会批判。