苦参种子形态解剖结构研究

摘要

The experiment observed the morphological structure of Sophora flavescens seeds with stereomicroscope and the crosscutting structure of Sophora flavescens seeds made by general paraffin section method.The results showed that Sophora flavescens seeds are oval,smooth and glossy,tan seed coat and obvious hilum.Characteristics of longitudinal section anatomical structure of Sophora flavescens seeds showed as follow:The outer layer is cuticle gradually thickened and formed by palisade tissue;Under the epidermis layer is I-shaped osteosclereid;Hilum site has more developed vascular system;Sophora flavescens cotyledon is large and rich in plentiful starch grains.Thicken cuticle and osteosclereid enhance the protection function of Sophora flavescens seed coat,which maybe one of reasons for the seed dormancy of Sophora flavescens.The observation on morphological and anatomical structure of Sophora flavescens seeds provided a foundation for the further study on the formation of Sophora flavescens seeds dormancy and hard.%用体视显微镜观察苦参种子的形态,并且对用常规石蜡切片法制作的苦参种子横切结构进行观察.结果表明:苦参的种子呈卵圆形,平滑而有光泽,种皮呈黄褐色,有明显的种脐.苦参种子的横切面解剖结构特征为:最外层为栅栏组织逐渐加厚而形成的角质层;表皮层下面为“工”字形的骨状石细胞;种脐部位有较为发达的维管系统;苦参子叶较大,富含大量的淀粉粒.加厚的角质层和骨状石细胞增强了苦参种皮的保护功能,这一特征可能是苦参种子休眠的原因之一.苦参种子形态解剖结构观察为进一步研究苦参种子休眠和硬实性的形成奠定基础.